Expenditure Minimisation Problem: Hybrid Preferences

Consider the hybrid utility function u(x, y) = \min\{\alpha x+\beta y,\beta x+\alpha y\}, with 0 < \alpha < \beta.
For a target utility \mu \geq 0, find the Hicksian demand correspondence (X^h,Y^h)(p_x, p_y, \mu), and the expenditure function e(p_x, p_y, \mu).

Utility Function:

u(x,y) = \min\{\alpha x + \beta y, \beta x + \alpha y\}

where

0 < \alpha < \beta

solve

\min p_x x + p_y y

S.t.

\min\{\alpha x + \beta y, \beta x + \alpha y\} \geq \mu

Replace ≥ by =

\min\{\alpha x + \beta y, \beta x + \alpha y\} = \mu

now bringing terms together :

\alpha x + \beta y = \beta x + \alpha y
(\alpha - \beta)x = (\alpha - \beta)y

since

\alpha \neq \beta

so

x = y

Substituting

\alpha x + \beta x = \mu
(\alpha + \beta)x = \mu
\therefore \boxed{x = \frac{\mu}{\alpha + \beta}, \quad y = \frac{\mu}{\alpha + \beta}}

Now lets suppose

\alpha x + \beta y < \beta x + \alpha y

then

\alpha x + \beta y = \mu

Cost per unit of utility

\text{Good } x:\text{cost per unit utility} = \frac{p_x}{\alpha}
\text{Good } y:\text{cost per unit utility} = \frac{p_y}{\beta}

So,
If \frac{p_x}{\alpha} < \frac{p_y}{\beta}, buy only x:

(x, y) = \left( \frac{\mu}{\alpha}, 0 \right), \quad E = \frac{p_x \mu}{\alpha}

If \frac{p_y}{\beta} < \frac{p_x}{\alpha}, buy only y:

(x, y) = \left( 0, \frac{\mu}{\beta} \right), \quad E = \frac{p_y \mu}{\beta}

Similarly

Only x is purchased:

\left( \frac{\mu}{\beta}, 0 \right), \quad E = \frac{p_x \mu}{\beta}

Only y is purchased:

\left( 0, \frac{\mu}{\alpha} \right), \quad E = \frac{p_y \mu}{\alpha}

From this Hicksian Demand -

\boxed{ (X^h, Y^h) (px,py,{\mu})= \begin{cases} \left( \dfrac{\mu}{\alpha}, 0 \right) & \text{if } \dfrac{p_x}{\alpha} < \dfrac{p_y}{\beta} \\[12pt] \left( 0, \dfrac{\mu}{\beta} \right) & \text{if } \dfrac{p_y}{\beta} < \dfrac{p_x}{\alpha}\\[12pt] \left( \dfrac{\mu}{\beta}, 0 \right) & \text{if } \dfrac{p_x}{\beta} < \dfrac{p_y}{\alpha} \\[12pt] \left( 0, \dfrac{\mu}{\alpha} \right) & \text{if } \dfrac{p_y}{\alpha} < \dfrac{p_x}{\beta}\\[12pt] \left( \dfrac{\mu}{\alpha + \beta}, \dfrac{\mu}{\alpha + \beta} \right) & \text{if } \dfrac{\alpha}{\beta} \leq \dfrac{p_x}{p_y} \leq \dfrac{\beta}{\alpha} \\[12pt] \end{cases} }

Now Expenditure Function:-

e = p_x x + p_y y

Substitute x and y

e = p_x \left( \frac{\mu}{\alpha + \beta} \right) + p_y \left( \frac{\mu}{\alpha + \beta} \right)
\therefore \boxed{e(p_x, p_y, \mu) = \mu \left( \frac{p_x}{\alpha} + \frac{p_y}{\beta} \right)}